Environmental and energy tax reform in the EU

Munitlak Ivanović, Olja and Golušin, Mirjana (2013) Environmental and energy tax reform in the EU. In: Economic Sciences on the Crossroad. Institute of economic sciences, Belgrade, pp. 548-556. ISBN 978-86-89465-10-5

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Abstract

The subject of the analysis is determination of energy tax revenue in the countries members in the EU, and monitoring of revenues generated through energy taxes. Environmental taxes can be collected in forms of energy taxes, transport taxes, pollution taxes and resource taxes. The role of energy taxes is to internalize external costs and to encourage potential polluters to change their behavior. Although they have limited fiscal significance, energy taxes contribute to total public revenue in a country. On the basis of the presented data in this paper, it is obvious that revenues collected by energy taxes are not negligible and it is measured in tens of millions of Euros. Monitoring of flow of revenues made by collecting these taxes proves that revenues have downward trend since the beginning of the crisis, since 2008, and only two EU countries members did not have negative values. EU has growth of the energy tax revenue in the period 2005-2008, of: 2,19% in 2006 in relation to 2005; growth of 3,28% in 2007 in relation to 2006 that is 2,45% in 2008 in relation to 2007. On one hand, collection of energy taxes provides country with revenues; however there is a possibility of jeopardizing position of domestic business entities in the future. It is the fact that market position of industries that pay energy taxes is unfavorable because the prices of their products are increased by the taxes.

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